Introduction to Chemicals from Biomass

1. The Biorefinery Concept–An Integrated Approach - James H. Clark and Fabien E. I. Deswarte 1.1 The Challenge of Sustainable Development
   1.2 Renewable Resources— Nature and Availability
   1.3 Impact on Ecosystem Services
   1.4 The Biorefinery Concept
       1.4.1 Definition
       1.4.2 Different Types of Biorefinery
       1.4.3 Challenges and Opportunities
   1.5 Conclusions
   References
2. The Chemical Value of Biomass - David B. Turley
   2.1 Introduction
       2.1.1 Key Routes of Plant Exploitation for Chemical Raw Materials
   2.2 Plant Oils
       2.2.1 Abundance and Sources
       2.2.2 Oil Profiles of Major Oil Crops
       2.2.3 Oils with Modified Fatty-Acid Content
       2.2.4 High Erucic Acid Oils
       2.2.5 Novel Fatty-Acid Derivatives found in Plants that have Industrial Uses
       2.2.6 Industrial Uses for Glycerol
   2.3 Carbohydrates
       2.3.1 Starches and Sugars
       2.3.2 Cellulose
       2.3.3 Hemicellulose
   2.4 Lignin
   2.5 Proteins
       2.5.1 Healthcare Proteins
   2.6 Waxes
   2.7 Secondary Metabolites
       2.7.1 Glucosinolates
       2.7.2 Other Industrial Uses for Secondary Metabolites
   2.8 Prospects Arising from Developments in Plant Biotechnology and Biorefining
       2.8.1 Protection of Conventional Food Crop Chains
       2.8.2 Cell and Tissue Culture
       2.8.3 Biorefining
       2.8.4 Thermochemical Routes of Exploitation
   2.9 Concluding Comments
   References
   
3. Green Chemical Technologies - Francesca M. Kerton
   3.1 Introduction
   3.2 What are Green Chemistry and Green Engineering?
   3.3 Evaluating the Environmental Effects of Chemistry and Green Metrics
   3.4 Alternative Solvents
       3.4.1 Supercritical Fluids
       3.4.2 Water
       3.4.3 Ionic Liquids
       3.4.4 Other Alternatives to VOCs: ‘Solventless’, Biphasic and Bio-Sourced Solvents
   3.5 Energy Considerations: Microwaves, Ultrasound, Electricity and Light
       3.5.1 Microwave-Assisted Chemistry
       3.5.2 Sonochemistry
       3.5.3 Electrochemistry
       3.5.4 Photochemistry
   3.6 Catalysts
       3.6.1 Homogeneous Catalysts
       3.6.2 Heterogeneous Catalysts
       3.6.3 Biocatalysts
   3.7 Conclusions
   References
   
4. Production of Chemicals from Biomass - Apostolis A. Koutinas, C. Du, R.H. Wang and Colin Webb
   4.1 Introduction
   4.2 Carbohydrates
       4.2.1 Chemical Production from Saccharides
       4.2.2 Chemical Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass
   4.3 Vegetable Oils
   4.4 Chemical Production from Proteins
   4.5 Chemical Production through Green Chemical Extraction of Biomass
   References
   
5. Biomaterials - Carlos Vaca-Garcia
   5.1 Introduction
   5.2 Wood and Natural Fibres
       5.2.1 Molecular Constitution
       5.2.2 Wood and Timber
       5.2.3 Plant Fibres
   5.3 Isolated and Modified Biopolymers as Biomaterials
       5.3.1 Cellulose
       5.3.2 Cellulose Esters
       5.3.3 Cellulose Ethers
       5.3.4 Starch
       5.3.5 Chitin and Chitosan
       5.3.6 Zein
       5.3.7 Lignin Derivatives
   5.4 Agromaterials, Blends and Composites
       5.4.1 Agromaterials
       5.4.2 Blends of Synthetic Polymers and Starch
       5.4.3 Wood Plastic Composites (WPC)
       5.4.4 Wood-Based Boards
   5.5 Biodegradable Plastics
       5.5.1 Polyglycolic Acid (PGA)
       5.5.2 Polylactic Acid (PLA)
       5.5.3 Polycaprolactone (PCL)
       5.5.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
       5.5.5 Cellulose Graft-Polymers
   5.6 Conclusion
   References
   
6. Production of Energy from Biomass - Mehrdad Arshadi and Anita Sellstedt
   6.1 Introduction
   6.2 Physical Upgrading Processes
       6.2.1 Refinement of Solids to Biofuel
       6.2.2 Wood Powder
       6.2.3 Briquette Production
       6.2.4 Pellet Production
       6.2.5 Torrefaction
   6.3 Microbiological Processes
       6.3.1 Organisms and Processes
       6.3.2 Microbiological Ethanol Production
       6.3.3 Production of Butanol from Bacteria
       6.3.4 Production of Biodiesel from Plants and Algae
       6.3.5 Biogas Production
       6.3.6 Hydrogen Production
       6.3.7 Artificial Photosynthesis
   6.4 Thermochemical Processes
       6.4.1 Thermal Processing Equipment
       6.4.2 Gasification
       6.4.3 Pyrolysis
       6.4.4 Liquefaction
       6.4.5 Combustion
   6.5 Chemical Processes
       6.5.1 Dimethy Ether (DME)
       6.5.2 Biodiesel
       6.5.3 Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME)
       6.5.4 Primary Alcohols
       6.5.5 Ethanol from Sugar Feedstock
       6.5.6 Ethanol from Starchy Feedstock
       6.5.7 Ethanol from Cellulose Feedstock
   6.6 Power Generation from Biomass
       6.6.1 Fuel Cells
   References

The cost of delivering this item to your selected country is detailed below: